Notes: Other(1) = Total Outlays minus first 5 outlays in first graph;
Other(2) = Other(1) minus first 5 outlays in second graph
SELECTED FEDERAL OUTLAYS (as percentage of GDP)
FUNCTION 1962 1970 1980 1990 2000 2008*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National Defense.................. 9.208 8.063 4.904 5.219 3.030 3.349
Social Security................... 2.527 2.988 4.339 4.335 4.213 4.304
Medicare.......................... 0.000 0.613 1.175 1.710 2.028 2.541
Health............................ 0.211 0.583 0.848 1.006 1.590 2.434
Net Interest...................... 1.212 1.419 1.923 3.214 2.294 1.848
Other Outlays(1).................. 5.633 5.644 8.441 6.365 5.250 5.236
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Outlays..................... 18.790 19.310 21.630 21.849 18.405 19.711
FUNCTION 1962 1970 1980 1990 2000 2008*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Retirement & disability, gen & fed 0.461 0.649 1.160 0.997 0.847 0.801
Unemployment compensation......... 0.670 0.332 0.661 0.329 0.237 0.345
Other Income Security............. 0.489 0.564 1.347 1.265 1.525 1.538
Undistributed Offsetting Receipts. -0.928 -0.852 -0.730 -0.638 -0.438 -0.498
Commerce and Housing Credit....... 0.250 0.208 0.344 1.179 0.033 0.010
Other Outlays(2).................. 4.691 4.743 5.659 3.233 3.046 3.039
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Other Outlays(1).................. 5.633 5.644 8.441 6.365 5.250 5.236
GDP (billions of dollars).......... 568.5 1013.2 2732.1 5735.6 9718.8 13751.5
OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION (as percentage of GDP)
FUNCTION 1962 1970 1980 1990 2000 2008*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National Defense.................. 9.208 8.063 4.904 5.219 3.030 3.349
International Affairs............. 0.992 0.427 0.465 0.240 0.177 0.223
General Science, Space & Technology 0.303 0.445 0.213 0.252 0.192 0.191
Energy............................ 0.106 0.098 0.372 0.058 -0.011 0.013
Natural Resources and Environment. 0.360 0.303 0.507 0.298 0.258 0.244
Agriculture....................... 0.627 0.510 0.324 0.208 0.377 0.156
Commerce and Housing Credit....... 0.250 0.208 0.344 1.179 0.033 0.010
Transportation.................... 0.755 0.692 0.781 0.514 0.482 0.501
Community and Regional Development 0.082 0.236 0.412 0.149 0.109 0.106
Education, Training, Employment,
and Social Services........... 0.218 0.852 1.166 0.648 0.553 0.650
Health............................ 0.211 0.583 0.848 1.006 1.590 2.434
Medicare.......................... 0.000 0.613 1.175 1.710 2.028 2.541
Income Security................... 1.620 1.545 3.168 2.592 2.609 2.684
Social Security................... 2.527 2.988 4.339 4.335 4.213 4.304
Veterans Benefits and Services.... 0.988 0.856 0.775 0.507 0.484 0.516
Administration of Justice......... 0.075 0.095 0.168 0.174 0.288 0.281
General Government................ 0.185 0.229 0.477 0.184 0.137 0.156
Net Interest...................... 1.212 1.419 1.923 3.214 2.294 1.848
Allowances........................ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002
Undistributed Offsetting Receipts. -0.928 -0.852 -0.730 -0.638 -0.438 -0.498
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total, Federal Outlays............ 18.790 19.310 21.630 21.849 18.405 19.711
OUTLAYS BY FUNCTION AND SUBFUNCTION (as percentage of GDP)
FUNCTION and Subfunction 1962 1970 1980 1990 2000 2008*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NATIONAL DEFENSE
Military Personnel............... 2.873 2.865 1.497 1.318 0.781 N/A
Operation and Maintenance........ 2.039 2.133 1.639 1.540 1.089 N/A
Procurement...................... 2.556 2.130 1.062 1.412 0.532 N/A
Research, Developmnt, Test & Eval 1.112 0.707 0.480 0.653 0.387 N/A
Military Construction............ 0.237 0.115 0.090 0.089 0.053 N/A
Family Housing................... 0.046 0.061 0.061 0.061 0.035 N/A
Other (Dept of Defense-Military). -0.048 -0.104 -0.038 -0.021 0.016 N/A
Atomic energy defense activities. 0.365 0.140 0.105 0.157 0.125 0.120
Defense-related activities....... 0.028 0.015 0.008 0.010 0.011 0.021
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
Int'l development & human assist. 0.507 0.231 0.133 0.096 0.067 0.102
International security assistance 0.344 0.108 0.174 0.151 0.066 0.058
Conduct of foreign affairs....... 0.044 0.039 0.050 0.053 0.048 0.059
Foreign informatn & exchnge activ 0.035 0.023 0.020 0.019 0.008 0.008
International financial programs. 0.062 0.026 0.089 -0.079 -0.013 -0.003
GENERAL SCIENCE, SPACE & TECHNOLOGY
General science & basic research. 0.087 0.093 0.051 0.049 0.064 0.070
Space flight, research & support. 0.216 0.352 0.163 0.202 0.128 0.121
ENERGY
Energy supply.................... 0.094 0.084 0.306 0.034 -0.022 0.002
Energy conservation.............. 0.000 0.000 0.021 0.006 0.007 0.007
Emergency energy preparedness.... 0.000 0.000 0.013 0.008 0.002 0.001
Energy info, policy & regulation. 0.012 0.014 0.032 0.010 0.002 0.003
NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT
Water resources.................. 0.227 0.149 0.155 0.077 0.052 0.037
Conservation and land management. 0.066 0.043 0.049 0.070 0.070 0.085
Recreational resources........... 0.022 0.030 0.050 0.024 0.026 0.025
Pollution control and abatement.. 0.012 0.038 0.202 0.090 0.076 0.062
Other natural resources.......... 0.033 0.042 0.051 0.036 0.033 0.035
AGRICULTURE
Farm income stabilization........ 0.567 0.453 0.272 0.170 0.344 0.122
Agricultural research & services. 0.060 0.057 0.051 0.038 0.033 0.034
COMMERCE AND HOUSING CREDIT
Mortgage credit.................. 0.114 0.058 0.215 0.067 -0.034 -0.046
Postal Service................... 0.140 0.149 0.046 0.037 0.022 -0.009
Deposit insurance................ -0.069 -0.049 -0.010 1.009 -0.031 -0.012
Other advancement of commerce.... 0.065 0.051 0.093 0.065 0.077 0.076
TRANSPORTATION
Ground transportation............ 0.502 0.462 0.559 0.330 0.326 0.314
Air transportation............... 0.144 0.139 0.136 0.126 0.109 0.134
Water transportation............. 0.109 0.088 0.082 0.055 0.045 0.050
Other transportation............. 0.000 0.003 0.004 0.003 0.002 0.003
COMMUNITY AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Community development............ 0.047 0.143 0.180 0.062 0.056 0.042
Area and regional development.... 0.031 0.068 0.157 0.051 0.026 0.019
Disaster relief and insurance.... 0.004 0.025 0.075 0.037 0.027 0.045
EDUCATION, TRAINING, EMPLOYMENT,
AND SOCIAL SERVICES
Elementary, secondary, vocational 0.085 0.286 0.252 0.173 0.212 0.283
Higher education................. 0.058 0.137 0.246 0.194 0.104 0.153
Research & general education aids 0.010 0.035 0.044 0.027 0.026 0.022
Training and employment.......... 0.033 0.158 0.379 0.098 0.070 0.055
Other labor services............. 0.013 0.013 0.020 0.014 0.012 0.012
Social services.................. 0.019 0.223 0.224 0.142 0.129 0.125
HEALTH
Health care services............. 0.093 0.394 0.659 0.831 1.402 2.190
Health research and training..... 0.102 0.167 0.152 0.150 0.164 0.221
Consumer & occup. health & safety 0.016 0.022 0.037 0.025 0.024 0.023
MEDICARE
Medicare......................... 0.000 0.613 1.175 1.710 2.028 2.541
INCOME SECURITY
General retirement & disability.. 0.116 0.102 0.186 0.090 0.053 0.056
Federal retirement & disability.. 0.345 0.547 0.974 0.907 0.794 0.746
Unemployment compensation........ 0.670 0.332 0.661 0.329 0.237 0.345
Housing assistance............... 0.029 0.049 0.206 0.277 0.296 0.279
Food and nutrition assistance.... 0.048 0.095 0.513 0.418 0.334 0.348
Other income security............ 0.411 0.420 0.628 0.571 0.895 0.912
SOCIAL SECURITY
Social security.................. 2.527 2.988 4.339 4.335 4.213 4.304
VETERANS BENEFITS AND SERVICES
Income security for veterans..... 0.713 0.561 0.437 0.271 0.262 0.282
Vets education, training & rehab. 0.029 0.102 0.089 0.007 0.015 0.022
Hospital & medical care for vets. 0.191 0.178 0.238 0.211 0.200 0.203
Veterans housing................. 0.047 0.010 0.002 0.011 0.004 0.004
Other veteran benefits & services 0.009 0.006 0.008 0.006 0.004 0.006
ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE
Fed law enforcement activities... 0.047 0.056 0.082 0.081 0.120 0.126
Fed litigative & judicial activty 0.020 0.024 0.049 0.062 0.080 0.078
Federal correctional activities.. 0.009 0.008 0.013 0.023 0.038 0.048
Criminal justice assistance...... 0.000 0.006 0.024 0.008 0.051 0.029
GENERAL GOVERNMENT
Legislative functions............ 0.031 0.030 0.038 0.031 0.023 0.026
Executive direction & management. 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.003 0.005 0.005
Central fiscal operations........ 0.087 0.090 0.096 0.102 0.086 0.090
General property & records manage 0.071 0.054 0.012 0.001 0.002 0.005
Central personnel management..... 0.004 0.004 0.006 0.003 0.002 0.006
General purpose fiscal assistance 0.037 0.053 0.314 0.038 0.021 0.017
Other general government......... 0.005 0.012 0.021 0.014 0.023 0.015
Deductions for offsettng receipts -0.053 -0.017 -0.013 -0.006 -0.026 -0.009
NET INTEREST
Interest on the public debt...... 1.604 1.905 2.738 4.615 3.724 3.575
Interest to on-budget trust funds -0.145 -0.234 -0.355 -0.808 -0.713 -0.651
Interest to off-budget trust fund -0.107 -0.155 -0.086 -0.279 -0.615 -0.940
Other interest................... -0.140 -0.098 -0.374 -0.314 -0.102 -0.129
Other investment income.......... 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.007
ALLOWANCES
Spectrum relocation.............. 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.004
Adjustment to pass-through accnts 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.002
UNDISTRIBUTED OFFSETTING RECEIPTS
Employee retirement (on-budget).. -0.887 -0.771 -0.536 -0.489 -0.311 -0.344
Employee retirement (off-budget). -0.039 -0.063 -0.044 -0.097 -0.079 -0.095
Rents on Outer Continental Shelf. -0.002 -0.018 -0.150 -0.052 -0.047 -0.038
Sale of major assets............. 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Other undistrib offsettng receipt 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.002 -0.021
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL, FEDERAL OUTLAYS............ 18.790 19.310 21.630 21.849 18.405 19.711
SELECTED FEDERAL OUTLAYS BY DECADE
(total outlays as percentage of total GDP)
FUNCTION 62-70 71-80 81-90 91-00 01-08*
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
National Defense.................. 8.509 5.313 5.783 3.654 3.365
Social Security................... 2.727 4.066 4.520 4.465 4.350
Medicare.......................... 0.281 0.909 1.559 2.099 2.359
Health............................ 0.400 0.811 0.870 1.510 2.182
Net Interest...................... 1.294 1.577 2.946 2.889 1.749
Other Outlays(1).................. 5.703 7.753 6.429 5.545 5.579
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Outlays..................... 18.914 20.428 22.107 20.161 19.584
FUNCTION 62-70 71-80 81-90 91-00 01-08*
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Retirement & disability, gen & fed 0.558 1.030 1.088 0.936 0.836
Unemployment compensation......... 0.375 0.640 0.455 0.358 0.385
Other Income Security............. 0.490 1.144 1.335 1.614 1.612
Undistributed Offsetting Receipts. -0.887 -0.822 -0.776 -0.545 -0.501
Commerce and Housing Credit....... 0.240 0.289 0.374 0.033 0.008
Other Outlays(2).................. 4.927 5.473 3.954 3.149 3.238
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Other Outlays(1).................. 5.703 7.753 6.429 5.545 5.579
SELECTED FEDERAL OUTLAYS BY DECADE
(average of annual outlays as percentage of GDP)
FUNCTION 62-70 71-80 81-90 91-00 01-08*
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
National Defense.................. 8.520 5.526 5.792 3.751 3.362
Social Security................... 2.702 3.978 4.554 4.486 4.354
Medicare.......................... 0.233 0.851 1.541 2.086 2.346
Health............................ 0.375 0.794 0.863 1.499 2.158
Net Interest...................... 1.286 1.527 2.895 2.931 1.746
Other Outlays(1).................. 5.706 7.557 6.570 5.621 5.596
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Outlays..................... 18.821 20.233 22.215 20.374 19.563
FUNCTION 62-70 71-80 81-90 91-00 01-08*
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Retirement & disability, gen & fed 0.546 0.997 1.104 0.946 0.839
Unemployment compensation......... 0.396 0.639 0.489 0.376 0.389
Other Income Security............. 0.489 1.101 1.349 1.614 1.614
Undistributed Offsetting Receipts. -0.892 -0.852 -0.793 -0.554 -0.499
Commerce and Housing Credit....... 0.234 0.285 0.331 0.058 0.008
Other Outlays(2).................. 4.933 5.388 4.091 3.181 3.245
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Other Outlays(1).................. 5.706 7.557 6.570 5.621 5.596
*estimated
Notes: Other Outlays(1) = Total Outlays minus first 5 outlays in first table;
Other Outlays(2) = Other Outlays(1) minus first 5 outlays in second table
Source: Budget of the United States Government, FY 2004, Historical Tables,
tables 3.2, 7.1
Outlays per Capita, in 1996 Dollars
Outlays in Billions of 1996 Dollars
Outlays in Billions of Current Dollars
Go to Budget Home Page
